Problema
A multi-class classifier outputs one probability per class (for example from softmax). Categorical cross-entropy punishes it for giving the correct class a low probability:
loss = -(ln(p₁) + ln(p₂) + … + ln(pₙ)) / n
where pᵢ is the probability the model gave to the correct class of sample i. To avoid ln(0), first raise any probability below 0.0000001 to 0.0000001.
Implement categorical_cross_entropy(probabilities, labels).
Input
probabilities: One row per sample, with one probability per class.
labels: The index of the correct class for each sample (0-based).
Output
Return the average loss as a decimal number.
Restricciones
1 ≤ samples ≤ 1,000, 2 ≤ classes ≤ 100
0 ≤ each probability ≤ 1
0 ≤ labels[i] < number of classes
Ejemplos
Entrada:
labels = [0, 1]
probabilities = [
[0.7, 0.2, 0.1],
[0.1, 0.8, 0.1]
]
Salida esperada:
expected = 0.289909
Entrada:
std::vector<long long> labels = {0, 1};
std::vector<std::vector<double>> probabilities = {
{0.7, 0.2, 0.1},
{0.1, 0.8, 0.1}
};
Salida esperada:
double expected = 0.289909;
Entrada:
long[] labels = new long[] {0, 1};
double[][] probabilities = new double[][] {
new double[] {0.7, 0.2, 0.1},
new double[] {0.1, 0.8, 0.1}
};
Salida esperada:
double expected = 0.289909;
Explicación
The correct classes got 0.7 and 0.8: -(ln(0.7) + ln(0.8)) / 2 = -(-0.356675 - 0.223144) / 2 ≈ 0.289909.
Entrada:
labels = [1]
probabilities = [
[1.0, 0.0]
]
Salida esperada:
expected = 16.118096
Entrada:
std::vector<long long> labels = {1};
std::vector<std::vector<double>> probabilities = {
{1.0, 0.0}
};
Salida esperada:
double expected = 16.118096;
Entrada:
long[] labels = new long[] {1};
double[][] probabilities = new double[][] {
new double[] {1.0, 0.0}
};
Salida esperada:
double expected = 16.118096;
Explicación
The correct class got probability 0, which is raised to 0.0000001, so the loss is -ln(0.0000001) ≈ 16.118096: a confident wrong answer is punished hard.
Referencias
Este reto está adaptado para CodeUtility. Sigue el enunciado y las restricciones indicadas arriba.