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RAII Release Order

Work out the order in which scoped resources are released when their scopes end, as RAII guarantees.

Чему вы научитесь

  • Release resources when a scope ends
  • Destroy objects in reverse creation order
  • Model nested scopes with a stack

Условие

Показать перевод

In C++, RAII ties a resource to an object's lifetime: the resource is released automatically when the object goes out of scope. Objects in the same scope are destroyed in reverse order of creation.

Process the events in order:

  • {: enter a new inner scope.
  • }: leave the current scope; every resource acquired in it is released, newest first.
  • acquire <name>: create a resource in the current scope.

When the events run out, the remaining open scopes end from the innermost to the outermost (the program's outer scope included), releasing their resources the same way.

Implement raii_release_order(events).

Input

events: The events. Braces are balanced or left open, never closed without being opened.

Output

Return the resource names in the order they are released.

Ограничения

0 ≤ number of events ≤ 100,000

Names have 1 to 20 characters without spaces

Примеры

Пример 1
Ввод:
events = ["acquire db", "{", "acquire file", "acquire lock", "}", "acquire log"]

Ожидаемый вывод:
expected = ["lock", "file", "log", "db"]
Ввод:
std::vector<std::string> events = {"acquire db", "{", "acquire file", "acquire lock", "}", "acquire log"};

Ожидаемый вывод:
std::vector<std::string> expected = {"lock", "file", "log", "db"};
Ввод:
string[] events = new string[] {"acquire db", "{", "acquire file", "acquire lock", "}", "acquire log"};

Ожидаемый вывод:
string[] expected = new string[] {"lock", "file", "log", "db"};

Пояснение

Leaving the inner scope releases lock then file (newest first). At the end the outer scope releases log then db: ["lock", "file", "log", "db"].

Пример 2
Ввод:
events = ["{", "acquire a", "{", "acquire b"]

Ожидаемый вывод:
expected = ["b", "a"]
Ввод:
std::vector<std::string> events = {"{", "acquire a", "{", "acquire b"};

Ожидаемый вывод:
std::vector<std::string> expected = {"b", "a"};
Ввод:
string[] events = new string[] {"{", "acquire a", "{", "acquire b"};

Ожидаемый вывод:
string[] expected = new string[] {"b", "a"};

Пояснение

Two scopes are still open at the end: the innermost releases b, then the next releases a: ["b", "a"].

Как подступиться

Сначала попробуйте сами, затем открывайте подсказки по одной.

Подсказка 1

Keep a stack of scopes, each holding its resources in order.

Подсказка 2

Closing a scope releases its resources from newest to oldest.

Подсказка 3

At the end, close every scope that is still open, innermost first.

Ожидаемая сложность

O(number of events) time, O(number of events) extra space

Ссылки

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