문제
With inheritance, a subclass reuses its parent's behaviour and adds its own. Every vehicle pays a toll; a truck is a vehicle that pays extra for its axles.
Each vehicle is one of:
motorbike: pays 2.car: pays 5.truck <axles>: pays the car rate 5, plus 3 for every axle beyond the first two.
Implement vehicle_tolls(vehicles).
Input
vehicles: The vehicles passing the toll gate.
Output
Return the total toll collected.
제약 조건
0 ≤ number of vehicles ≤ 100,000
2 ≤ axles ≤ 10
예시
예시 1
입력:
vehicles = ["car", "motorbike", "truck 4"]
예상 출력:
expected = 18입력:
std::vector<std::string> vehicles = {"car", "motorbike", "truck 4"};
예상 출력:
long long expected = 18;입력:
string[] vehicles = new string[] {"car", "motorbike", "truck 4"};
예상 출력:
long expected = 18;설명
5 + 2 + (5 + 3 × 2) = 18.
예시 2
입력:
vehicles = ["truck 2", "truck 3"]
예상 출력:
expected = 13입력:
std::vector<std::string> vehicles = {"truck 2", "truck 3"};
예상 출력:
long long expected = 13;입력:
string[] vehicles = new string[] {"truck 2", "truck 3"};
예상 출력:
long expected = 13;설명
A 2-axle truck pays just the car rate 5; a 3-axle truck pays 5 + 3 = 8. Total 13.
접근 방법
먼저 스스로 풀어 본 뒤 힌트를 하나씩 열어 보세요.
힌트 1
Start from the car rate of 5 and adjust per vehicle type.
힌트 2
A truck pays extra only for axles beyond the first two.
힌트 3
Motorbikes override the base rule with a fixed 2.
예상 복잡도
O(number of vehicles) time, O(1) extra space
참고 자료
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